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Pub 


ished and Copyrighted 
A. D. TAYLOR 
1900 Euclid Avenue 
Cleveland, Ohio 

PRICE 


1916 by 


Paper 


Cover 


50 Cents 


Cloth 


Cover . 


75 Cents 



APR 13 1916 



A PARTIAL LIST OF PLANTS 

AVAILABLE FOR VARIOUS USES IN 

GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 



Compiled by 

ALBERT D. TAYLOR 

Non-Resident Professor of Landscape Architecture 
Ohio Slate University 



LANDSCAPE ARCHITECT 
1900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland. Ohio 



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?'C1.A430222 



INTRODUCTION 

THE writer has for some time felt the need in the landscape field, 
especially by the amateur gardener, for a book of this type. Such 
a list will be of little value to the expert gardener and to the property 
owner who has made an exhaustive study of plant uses and adaptations. 
It is hoped, however, that this will serve as a ready reference to those who 
have no authoritative source of information and whose limited opportunity 
for observation has not enabled them to be familiar with a wide range of 
plant materials 

This list is not a complete study of this subject. The aim of the 
writer is to provide the property owner and the student, in a compact form, 
with the essential facts concerning the correct use of the more prominent 
species of trees, shrubs, vines and perennials. 

The question is so often asked, "What plants can I use for a specific 
purpose?" This booklet will place immediately at the disposal of such 
persons, a list of plants from which species and varieties may be selected. 

While the range of material is sufficient to meet the requirements 
of the average property owner, it can, however, be supplemented with 
additional varieties which should be selected with much greater care. 
This information is the result of a number of years of study in the work 
of professional landscape architecture. Many of these lists have been 
compiled, modified and checked by competent gardeners on large estates 
whose practical experience has enabled them to provide the writer with 
information of exceptional value. 

In many of these groups of plants there are species which can be 
included in more than one group. In many instances, species which may 
be used in more than one group, but which are especially desirable in 
only one group, are not included in other groups. It is to be assumed 
that a number of these plants in the different groups may be transferred 
to one group or another by persons who have acquired sufficient expert 
knowledge to be familiar with the characteristics of the plants under many 
different conditions. 

The correct selection of plants for various purposes is but a part of 
the success for landscape plantings. Not only should we know the correct 
use of plants as indicated in this list, but their landscape value from the 
standpoint of their peculiar adaptation to design and composition should 
be carefully studied. The information in this booklet should be supple- 
mented with additional information procured thru descriptions in nursery 
catalogues, encyclopedias, and garden books. 

The writer is indebted for many valuable suggestions contained 
in this volume to Mr. G. D. Cooper and to Mr. H. L. Flint, who have 
carefully checked and revised the original manuscript. 

Area to which This List is Adapted 

The plant materials included in this list are well adapted to use in 
the northern half of Ohio and in regions having approximately the same 
growing season. This may be said to include, roughly, the Atlantic 
coast area from Maine to New York. All of New York, New Jersey 
and Pennsylvania to an elevation of 1500 feet above sea level, Northern 
Illinois, Southern Michigan and Southern Wisconsin. 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 

TABLE OF CONTENTS 

PAGE 

L Plants for hedges . 9-11 

A. As barriers: 

a. Holding leaves during winter 

b. Not holding leaves during winter 

B. As edgings for walks and garden borders 

C. As windbreaks and for solid screen effects 

D. For privacy 

2. Plants for ground cover 11-16 

A. As edging plants in perennial borders and for pattern 
bedding 

B. As ground cover plants in shady situations 

C. As ground cover on embankments and rocky places 

D. As small flowering and foliage plants for crevices between 
stepping stones and flagging on paved terrace areas 

E. As plants adapted to open sunny exposures 

3. Plants for border planting 16-18 

A. As masses for refined lawn areas 

B. As masses consisting mostly of native collected shrubs 

4. Plants valuable for specimen use and for accent purposes . 19-20 

5. Plants for street and avenue planting 20 

A. Trees which are entirely hardy under all conditions 

B. Trees which should be selected with a thoro knowledge 
of the conditions under which they are to be used 

6. Plants adapted to various types of soil conditions . . . 21-23 

A. Boggy and peaty soils 

B. Light sandy soils 

C. Heavy clay soils 

7. Plants for exposed lake front and river border conditions . 23-25 

8. Plants for partially shaded and heavily shaded conditions . 25 

9. Plants for undergrowth plantations in wooded areas . . 26-27 

A. Shrubs and small trees 

B. Ground cover plants 

10. Plants for heavy formal effects 27 

[61 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 

TABLE OF CONTENTS-Continued 

PAGE 

n. Plants for natural informal effects 28 

12. Plants valuable because of the autumn coloration of their 

leaves 28-29 

13. Plants for different flowering effects 29-33 

A. Producing flowers in early spring before the leaves appear 

B. Producing flowers in early spring immediately after the 
leaves appear 

C. Producing flowers during the summer months 

D. Producing flowers in late summer and during autumn 

E. Producing flowers in reds and pinks 

F. Producing yellow flowers 

G. Producing white flowers 

14. Plants valuable for the characteristics of their fruit . . 33-36 

A. Producing fruit of peculiarly interesting form or size 

B. Producing fruit valuable for its color effects 

C. Producing fruit valuable during the winter months 

D. Producing fruit valuable for attracting birds 

E. Producing fruit which makes the plant undesirable in 
landscape planting 

15. Plants valuable for use in rock gardens and in Japanese 

gardens 36-38 

16. Plants for use in congested city districts 38-39 

17. Vines for various uses 39-40 

A. Valuable for their flowering effect 

B. Valuable for their use on brick, stone and masonry 
walls, and wood structures 

C. Valuable because of their vigorous climbing habits, and 
heavy foliage effects 

D. Valuable because of fruiting characteristics 

E. Valuable because of their fast-growing character 

18. Plants of fast-growing type valuable for producing screen 

effects soon after planting 40 

[7] 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 



TABLE OF CONTENTS - Continued 

PAGE 

19. Plants adapted for transplanting at specific seasons of the 

year 41 

20. Perennials valuable for naturalizing in wild garden areas . . 42 

21. Perennials valuable for different purposes 43-47 

A. Standard types of hardy perennials for general use 

B. Perennials valuable for cut-flowers 

C. Perennials valuable for early spring gardens 

D. Perennials valuable for their summer-flowering effect 

E. Perennials valuable for their fall-flowering effect 

F. Perennials with blue flowers 

G. Perennials with white flowers 

H. Perennials with pink and white flowers 
I. Perennials with red flowers 

J. Perennials which should not be used in small refined 
formal garden areas 

22 Annuals and perennials especially valuable for cut-flowers . 47-48 

23. List of bulbs 4&-49 

A. For use in refined lawn and garden areas 

B. For naturalizing in woodland and wild garden areas 

24. Evergreens most generally used in Ohio climate .... 49-50 

25. Evergreens which should not be used in Ohio climate ... 50 

26. Plants valuable for window boxes 51 

A. South or West exposure 

B. East exposure 

C. North exposure 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 

1. PLANTS FOR HEDGES 

A. (As barriers). These should consist of shrubs 
which are very close growing and compact in habit. Many 
among them are thorny in character. They are excellent 
as barriers for two reasons; either because of the thorny 
character which makes passage undesirable, or because 
of the extremely close habit of growth, which makes the 
hedge solid in character. 

a. Holding leaves during winter 

Picea excelsa Tsuga Canadensis 

Norivay Spruce Canadian Hemlock 

Thuya (in variety) Euonymus Japonicus 

Arborvitae Evergreen Euonymus 

Retinospora plumosat Berberis ilici folia t 

Plume-like Cypress Holly-leaved Barberry 

Mahonia aquifolium 

Oregon Grape 

b. Not holding leaves during iv inter 
Berberis vulgaris Toxylon pomiferum* 

Common European Barberry Osage Orange 

Berberis Thunbergii Crataegus crus-galli* 

Thunberg's Barberry Cockspur Thorn 

Cydonia Japonica* Crataegus oxycantha* 

Japanese Quince May Thorn 

Rosa rugosa Lonicera fragrantissima 

Wrinkled Japanese Rose Early Fragrant Honeysuckle 

Rosa laevigata Fagus sylvatica 

Cherokee Rose European Beech 

Hippophae rhamnoides Citrus trifoliatat* 

Sea Buckthorn Hardy Orange 

Rhamnus cathartica Rhamnus frangula 

Common Buckthorn Alder Buckthorn 

Crataegus coccinea* 

Scarlet-fruited Thorn 

NOTE: — All plants marked (*) must be watched at frequent intervals to keep 
them entirely free from insects and scale. 

All plants marked (t), unless protected during the severe winter months, will 
occasionally be subject to winter killing. 

[91 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 



1. PLANTS FOR HEDGES (Continued) 

B. (As edgings for walks and garden borders). Low 
growing types of shrubs (under normal conditions not 
exceeding 24" in height) lending themselves to frequent 
clipping and shearing. These shrubs are often used in 
edging formal garden walks, pools, and beds of plantings. 
In general, most of these shrubs require a very small amount 
of pruning, to maintain their close-growing compact habit. 

Azalea amoenaf Philadelphus nana aurea 

Hardy evergreen Azalea Golden Dwarf Mock Orange 

Buxus suffruticosaf Deutzia gracilis 

Dwarf Box Slender Deutzia 

Ilex microphylla Rose Dwarf polyantha (in variety) * 

Small-leaved Holly Fairy Rose 

Berberis Thunbergii Thuya occidentalis globosaf 

Thunberg's Barberry Globe Arborvitae 

Rosa blanda* Daphne Mezereumf 

Meadow Rose Mezereon Daphne 

Andromeda Japonicaf Astilbe Japonica 

Japanese Fetlerbush Japanese Astilbe 

Viburnum opulus nanum Ligustrum ibota Regelianum 

Dwarf Cranberry Bush Regefs Privet 

Thuya occidentalis Tom Thumb 
Tom Thumb Arborvitae 

C. (As windbreaks and for solid screen effects). 
Mostly rapid growing trees and shrubs which are entirely 
hardy under all normal climatic conditions. They can be 
planted in close proximity to each other, without injuring 
the individual specimen, for the purpose that it is being 
used. This close planting renders all such trees useless 
for future specimen planting. 

Populus (in variety) Picea (in variety) 

Poplar Spruce 

Salix (in variety) Tsuga Canadensis 

Willow Canadian Hemlock 

NOTE: — All plants marked (*) must be watched at frequent intervals to keep 
them entirely free from insects and scale. 

All plants marked (f). unless protected during the severe winter months, will 
occasionally be subject to winter killing. 

[101 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 



1. PLANTS FOR HEDGES (Continued; 
C. (Continued) 



Fagus ferruginea 
American Beech 

Fagus sylvatica 
European Beech 

Pinus strobus 
White Pine 



Carpinus Caroliniana 

American Hornbeam or Blue 
Beech 
Acer Tataricum 

Tartarian Maple 
Acer dasycarpum pyramidalis 

Pyramidal Silver Maple 



D. (For privacy). This list consists of tall-growing 
shrubs and a few trees (exceeding five feet in height) having 
a heavy foliage character, compact in their habit of growth 
and holding their foliage during the later summer and early 
fall. (Largest of group). 



Eleagnus angustifolia 

Russian Olive 
Forsythia intermedia 

Hybrid Golden Bell 
Forsythia viridissima 

Dark Green Golden Bell 
Spiraea Van Houttei* 

Van Houtte's Spirea 
Lonicera Tatarica 

Tartarian Honeysuckle 

Rhamnus cathartica 
Common Buckthorn 



Ligustrum (in variety) 

Privet 
Hibiscus syriacus 

Rose of Sharon 
Syringa vulgaris* 

Common Lilac 
Fagus sylvatica 

European Beech 
Acer dasycarpum pyramidalis 

Pyramidal Silver Maple 
{Low-branched) 
Viburnum (in variety) 

Viburnum 



Cornus Mas 

Cornelian Cherry 

2. PLANTS FOR GROUND COVER 

A. (As edging plants in perennial borders and pattern 
bedding). This list contains perennials and annuals with 
close growing, compact habit, thus forming a neat border 
for walks and flower beds, or for matting purposes over an 
area. Some of these are adapted to moist soil, and others 
to dry soils, as specified by the two lists into which they 
are divided. 

NOTE: — All plants marked (*) must be watched at frequent intervals to keep 
them entirely free from insects and scale. 

[Ill 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 



2. PLANTS FOR GROUND COVER (Continued) 



A. (Continued) 

Thymus serpyllum 
Mother of Thyme 

Veronica repens (and others) 
Speedwell 

Galax aphyllaf 
Galax 

Helleborus niger 
Christmas Rose 

Vinca minor 
Myrtle 

Erica 

Heath 

Daphne Cneorum 
Garland Flower 

Euonymus radicans 

Creeping Euonymus 

Alyssum saxatile compactum 

Gold Titj't 
Phlox procumbens 

Phlox 

Arenaria 

Tufted Sand Wort 
Dendrium buxifolium 

Sand Myrtle 
Vinca minor 

Periwinkle 
Gaultheria procumbens 

Wintergreen 
Sedums 

Stonecrops 
Pachysandra terminalis 

Japanese Spurge 



MOIST 



DRY 



Armeria maritima 
Sea Thrift 

Nepeta glechoma 
Ground Ivy 

Viola tricolor 

Common Pansy 

Viola comuta 
Tufted Pansy 

Iberis sempervirens 
Hardy Candytuft 

Potentilla fruticosa 
Shrubby Cinquefoil 

Campanula Carpatica 
Carpathian Harebell 

Myosotis palustris 

True Forget-me-not 

Achillea tomentosa 
Yellow Milfoil 

Funkia 

Day Lily 

Phlox subulata 

Moss Pink Phlox 
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi 

Bearberry 

Mitchella repens f 

Partridge Berry 
Yucca filamentosa 

Adam's Needle 
Dianthus plumarius 

Scotch Pink 
Dianthus deltoides 

Maiden Pink 



Cerastium tomentosum 
Snow-in-Summer 

NOTE: — All plants marked (f), unless protected during the severe winter months, 
will occasionally be subject to winter killing. 

[12] 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 



2. PLANTS FOR GROUND COVER (Continued) 

B. (As ground cover plants in shady situations.) 
This list contains only the more common types of perennials 
and low growing shrubs, which are used for covering areas 
under larger trees, or in situations heavily shaded by build- 
ings. For supplementary information on general ground 
cover plants for shady conditions, see List No. 20 "Perennials 
valuable for ground cover in wild garden areas." 



Hedera helix f 
English Ivy 

Vinca minor 
Periwinkle 

Ajuga reptans 
Bugle 

Convallaria majalis 
Lily -oj -the- Valley 

Euonymus obovatus 

Semi-Creeping Euonymus 

Sanguinaria Canadensis 
Blood root 

Cornus Canadensis 
Bunch Berry 



For dry shady places: 

Asplenium ebeneum 
Rock Fern 

Camptosorus rhizophyllus 
Walking-Fern 

Woodsia obtusa 
Neat Fern 



Pachysandra terminalis 
Japanese Spurge 

Mitchella repensf 
Partridge Berry 

Polygala paucifolia 
Milkwort 

Lysimachia nummularia 
Moneywort 

Hydrophyllum appendiculatum 
Water Leaf 

Hydrophyllum Virginicum 
Water Leaf 

Gaultheria procumbens 
Wintergreen 



FERNS: 



Aspidium marginale 
Margined Fern 



Asplenium Trichomanes 
Evergreen Fern 

Polypodium vulgare 
Polypody 

Aspidium acrostichoides 
Christmas Fern 

Dicksonia punctilobula 
Hay-scented Fern 



Osmunda Claytoniana 
Clayton s Fern 



All plants marked (f), unless protected during the severe winter months, will 
occasionally be subject to winter killing. 

[13] 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 



2. PLANTS FOR GROUND COVER (Continued) 

B. (As ground cover plants in shady situations.) 
(Continued) 

FERNS— Continued 



For moist shady places: 

Adiantum pedatum 

Maiden-hair Fern 
Aspidium acrostichoides 

Christmas Fern 
Aspidium marginale 

Margined Fern 



Aspidium cristatum 

Dwarf Fern 
Woodwardia Virginica 

Virginia Chain Fern 
Phegopteris hexagonoptera 

Broad Beech Fern 



Asplenium Felix- foemina 
Lady Fern 

C. (As ground cover on embankments and rocky 
places). This list consists mostly of vines and shrubs 
particularly adapted for this use. Embankments which are 
composed of heavy soils, with moisture retaining qualities, 
can be covered with any of the general shrub plantings. 
For additional information on plants for rocky places, see 
list No. 15. 

SHRUBS 

Rubus crataegifolius 



Rosa setigera 

Prairie Rose 
Rhus glabra 

Smooth Sumac 
Rhus aromatica 

Fragrant Sumac 
Rhus typhina 

Staghorn Sumac 
Rhus copallina 

Shining Sumac 
Kalmia angustifolia 

Sheep Laurel 
Spiraea tomentosa 

Hardhack 



Thorn-leaved Raspberry 
Symphoricarpos vulgaris 

Indian Currant 
Xanthorrhiza apiifoliaf 

Yellow Root 
Genista tinctoria 

Butcher's Broom 
Myrica cerifera 

Bayberry 
Myrica asplenifolia 

Sweet Fern 
Spiraea salicifolia 

Willow-leaved Spirea 
Spiraea sorbifolia 

Sorbe-leaved Spirea 

All plants marked (t). unless protected during the severe winter months, will 
occasionally be subject to winter killing. 

fl41 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 



2. PLANTS FOR GROUND COVER (Continued) 

C. (As ground cover on embankments and rocky 
places) — Continued. 

PERENNIALS 



Phlox subulata 

Moss Pink 
Pachysandra terminalis 

Japanese Spurge 

Rosa Wichuraiana (and hybrids) 

Memorial Rose 
Celastrus scandens 

Bittersweet 
Celastrus orbiculatus 

Japanese Bittersweet 



Arctostaphylos uva-ursi 

Bear Berry 
Vinca minor 
Periwinkle 
VINES 

Ampelopsis quinquefolia 
Virginia Creeper 

Euonymus radicans 
Creeping Euonymus 

Lycium vulgare 

Matrimony Vine 



Lonicera Halleana 

HaWs Honeysuckle 

D. (As small-flowering and foliage plants for crevices 
between stepping stones and for paved terrace areas). This 
list is composed of very low growing perennials and annuals, 
which may be planted in small soil pockets, between stepping 
stones, in the crevices of walls, and between flagging on 
paved terrace areas. Their use mostly is confined to relieving 
the monotonous uninteresting effect of such areas, when 
unplanted. 



Sedum acre (and others) 

Stonecrop 
Phlox subulata 

Moss Pink 
Iberis sempervirens 

Hardy Candytuft 
Dianthus deltoides 

Maiden Pink 
Cerastium tomentosum 

Snow-in-Summer 
Nepeta glechoma 

Catmint 
Vinca minor 

Periwinkle 



Armeria maritima 

Sea Thrift 
Arabis albida 

Rock Cress 
Saxifraga sarmentosa 

Aaron's Beard 
Ceratostigma plumbaginoides 

Plumbago 
Iris cristata 

Crested Iris 
Veronica rupestris 

Speedwell 
Iris pumila 

Dwarf Flag 



15] 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 

2. PLANTS FOR GROUND COVER (Continued) 

E. (As plants adapted to open sunny exposures). This 
list contains perennials which will withstand extreme 
exposure to the sun. Most of the plants in this group are 
adapted to sandy and to light soil. 

Onoclea Struthiopteris Veronica repens 

Ostrich Fern Creeping Speedwell 

Yucca filamentosa Cerastium tomentosum 

Adam's Needle Snow-in-Siimmer 

Phlox subulata Armeria maritima 

Moss Pink Sea Thrift 

Dianthus deltoides Sempervirum 

Maiden Pink House Leek 



3. PLANTS FOR BORDER PLANTING 

A. (As masses for refined lawn areas). This list 
consists of both low-growing and tall-growing shrubs, mostly 
of the more hardy flowering type, neat in habit of growth, 
compact in texture of foliage, and comparatively free from 
the ravages of insects and scales. 

LOW-GROWING SHRUBS 

Deutzia gracilis Symphoricarpos vulgaris 

Slender Deuztia Coral Berry 

Kerria Japonicaf Symphoricarpos racemosus 

Globe Flower Snow Berry 

Xanthorrhiza apiifoliat Myrica cerifera 

Yellow-root Bay Berry 

Spiraea Thunbergii Stephanandra flexuosa 

Thunberg's Spirea Stephanandra 

Hypericum Moserianumf Berberis Thunbergii 

Gold Flower Thunberg's Barberry 

Spiraea Anthony Waterer CaUicarpa purpurea f 

Anthony Waterer' s Spirea Beauty Fruit 

All plants marked (f), unless protected during the severe winter months, will 
occasionally be subject to winter killing. 

[161 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 

3. PLANTS FOR BORDER PLANTING (Continued) 
A. (As masses for refined lawn areas) —Continued. 

MEDIUM-GROWING SHRUBS 



Viburnum cassinoides 

Wit he- rod 
Ligustrum ibota Regelianum 

Kegel's Privet 
Aralia pentaphylla 

Five-leaved Angelica 
Ribes aureum 

Floiuering Currant 
Ligustrum Amurense 

Amoor River Privet 
Viburnum plicatum 

Japanese Snowball 



Spiraea Van Houttei* 

Van Houtte's Spirea 
Rhodotypos kerrioides 

White Kerria 
Cornus (in variety)* 

Dogivood 
Forsythia suspensa 

Drooping Golden Bell 
Spiraea pruni folia* 

Bridal Wreath 
Viburnum dilatatum 

Japanese Bush Cranberry 



TALL-GROWING SHRUBS 

Lonicera Tatarica 

Tartarian Honeysuckle 
Lonicera Morrowi 

Japanese Bush Honeysuckle 
Philadelphus coronarius 

Common Mock Orange 
Diervilla rosea 

Rose-colored Weigela 
Viburnum lentago 

Sheep Berry 

Viburnum opulus 

High-Bush Cranberry 

B. (As masses consisting mostly of native collected 
shrubs). This list consists of shrubs indigenous to this 
section of the country. Any of these types may as a rule 
be collected in various localities. These plants are adapted 
to plantations on a large scale, which do not require the 
feeling of formality or the refinement in detail produced by 
shrubs in list No. 3-A 



Forsythia intermedia 

Hybrid Golden Bell 
Forsythia viridissima 

Dark Green Golden Bell 
Forsythia Fortunei 

Fortune's Forsythia 
Syringa (in variety)* 

Lilac 

Viburnum lantana 
Wayfaring Tree 



Azalea nudiflora 
Pinkster Flower 



LOW-GROWING SHRUBS 

Symphoricarpos racemosus 
Snoivberry 



NOTE: — All plants marked (*) must be watched at frequent intervals to keep 
them entirely free from insects and scale. 



17 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 



3. PLANTS FOR 


BORDER PLANTING (Continued) 


B. (As masses 


consisting mostly of native collected 


shrubs) — Continued. 




LOW-GROWING SHRUBS— Continued 


Azalea lutea 


Symphoricarpos vulgaris 


Flame-colored Azalea 


Coral Berry 


Azalea Vaseyi 


Callicarpa purpurea 


Carolina Azalea 


Beauty Fruit 


Spiraea tomentosa 


Rhus copallina 


Steeple Bush 


Shining Sumac 


Myrica cerifera 


Ceanothus Americanus 


Bay berry 


New Jersey Tea 


MEDIUM-GROWING SHRUBS 


Dirca palustris 


Amorpha fruticosa 


Leather wood 


False Indigo 


Roses* 


Berberis vulgaris 


(in variety) 


Common Barberry 


Azalea arborescens 


Sambucus racemosus 


Fragrant Azalea 


Red-berried Elder 


Clethra alnifolia 


Cornus (in variety) * 


Sweet Pepper Bush 


Dogivood 


Kalmias 


Rhododendrons 


Laurel 




Ilex glabra 


Sambucus Canadensis 


Ink Berry 


American Elder 


Euonymus Americanus 


Rhus aromatica 


Strawberry Bush 


Fragrant Sumac 


TALL-GROWING SHRUBS 


Amelanchier Canadensis 


Aronia nigra 


Shad Bush 


Black Chokeberry 


Corylus Americana 


Aronia arbutifolia 


Hazelnut 


Red Chokeberry 


Crataegus (in variety)* 


Hamamelis Virginiana 


Thorn 


Witch Hazel 


Diervilla trifida 


Viburnum (in variety) 


Bush Honeysuckle 






Ilex verticillata 




Winterberry 



NOTE: — All plants marked (*) must be watched at frequent intervals to keep 
them entirely free from insects and scale. 

[ 18 1 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 



4. PLANTS VALUABLE FOR SPECIMEN 
AND FOR ACCENT PURPOSES 



USE 



These plants as a rule, should seldom be used in large 
groups for mass planting efifects. Their best effect is obtained 
as single specimens or in groups of from one to three specimens 
used entirely to produce an accent either by quality of 
flowers, color of foliage, peculiar habit of growth, texture, 
or color of twigs. 

SHRUBS 



Hibiscus syriacus 

Rose of Sharon 
Diervilla amabilis variegatis 

Variegated Weigela 
Hydrangea 

Hydrangea 
Euonymus alatus 

Winged Burning Bush 
Euonymus Europaeus 

European Spindle Tree 
Chionanthus Virginica 

White Fringe 
Corylus maxima purpurea 

Purple Hazel 
Caragana arborescens 

Siberian Pea Tree 
Exochorda grandiflora 

Pearl Bush 



Acer polymorphumf 

Japanese Maple 
Sorbus quercifolia 

Oak-leaved Mountain Ash 
Crataegus (in variety)* 

Thorn 
Cladrastis tinctoria 

Yellow-wood 
Magnolias (in variety)! 

Magnolia 



Prunus amygdalus* 

Flowering Almond 
Rhus cotinus 

Smoke Tree 
Sambucus aurea 

Golden Elder 
Cydonia (in variety)* 

Quince 

Halesia tetraptera 
Silver Bell 

Berberis vulgaris purpurea 

Purple Barberry 
Cornus stolonifera lutea* 

Yellow-twigged Dogwood 
Tamarix odessana 

Tamarisk 
Aesculus parviflora 

Dwarf Horse Chestnut 



TREES 



Tilia argentea 

Silver Linden 
Acer platanoides Schwedleri 

Schivedler's Purple Maple 
Aesculus (in variety) 

Horse Chestnut 
Pyrus (in variety)* 

Crab 
Fagus (in variety) 

Beech 



NOTE: — All plants marked (*) must he watched at frequent intervals to keep 
them entirely free from insects and scale. 

All plants marked (f), unless protected during the severe winter months, will 
occasionally be subject to winter killing. 



19 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 



TREES — Continued 



Oxydendrum arboreum 

Soiirwood 
Cornus florida 

While-flowering Dogwood 
Retinosporaf 

Cypress 
Thuya (in variety) 

Arborvitae 
Picea (in variety) 

Spruce 
Betula (in variety) 

Birch 
Morus pendula 

Tea's Weeping Mulberry 
Quercus (in variety) 

Oak 
Prunus Pissardii 

Purple-leaved Plum 



Cercis Canadensis 

Judas Tree 
Juniperus Virginiana 

Red Cedar 
Pinus (in variety) 

Pine 
Taxus (in variety) 

Yew 
Abies (in variety) 

Fir 
Catalpa Bungei 

Round-leaved Catalpa 
Populus alba Bolleana 

Balk's Poplar 
Populus nigra fastigiata 

Lombardy Poplar 
Ulmus montana pendula 

Camperdown Weeping Elm 



5. TREES FOR STREET AND AVENUE PLANTING 

This list includes only the more desirable trees, com- 
monly used in avenue plantings, 

A. Trees which are entirely hardy under all conditions, 

Ulmus Americana Acer saccharum 

Sugar Maple 



American Elm 
Quercus rubra 

Red Oak 
Quercus coccinea 

Scarlet Oak 



Tilia vulgaris 

Common Linden 
Aesculus hippocastanum 

Horse Chestnut 



B. Trees which should be selected with a thoro 
knowledge of the conditions under which they are to be used. 



Ginkgo biloba 

Maidenhair Tree 
Liriodendron tulip fera 

Tulip Tree 
Ailanthus glandulosa 

Tree of Heaven 
Celtis occidentalis 

Nettle Tree or Hack Berry 



Platanus occidentalis 

American Plane 
Plantanus orientalis 

Oriental Plane 
Acer platanoides 

Norway Maple 
Liquidambar styraciflua 

Sweet Gum 



Quercus palustris 
Pin Oak 

All plants marked (f), unless protected during the severe winter months, will 
occasionally be subject to winter killing. 

[20] 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 



6. PLANTS ADAPTED TO VARIOUS TYPES OF SOIL 
CONDITIONS 

A. (Boggy and peaty soils). This list contains many 
of the broad-leaved evergreens, none of which should ever 
be planted in a limestone soil or watered with water from 
a source where limestone is present. 



Ulmus Americana 

American Elm 
Acer rubrum 

Red Maple 
Betula nigra 

Red Birch 
Nyssa sylvatica 

Sour Gum 
Chamaecyparis thyoides 

While Cedar 
Alnus rugosa 

Smooth Alder 
Ilex verticillata 

Winlerberry 
Aronia arbutifolia 

Red Chokeberry 



Rhododendrons 
Kalmia lati folia 

Mountain Laurel 
Kalmia angusti folia 

Lambkill 
Rhodora Canadensis 

Canadian Rhodora 



BOGGY SITUATIONS 

Quercus bicolor 

Swamp White Oak 
Salix (in variety) 

Willow 
Alnus incana 

Speckled Alder 
Cephalanthus occidentalis 

Button Bush 
I tea Virginica 

Virginian Willow 
Salix tristis 

Dwarf Gray Willow 
Thuya occidentalis 

Arborvitae 
Larix Americana 

American Larch 
Taxodium distichumf 
Bald Cypress 

PEATY SITUATIONS 

Xanthorrhiza apiifoliaf 

Yellow-root 
Andromeda fioribunda 

Fetterbush 
Ledum latifolium 

Labrador Tea 



B. (Light sandy soils). This list consists of the very 
hardy types of trees and shrubs which flourish under poor 
soil conditions. Plants for seashore plantings may be 
obtained from this list. 

TREES 



Juniperus Virginiana 
Red Cedar 



Quercus rubra 
Red Oak 
Robinia pseudacacia 
Black Locust 



All plants marked (t), unless protected during the severe winter months, will 
occasionally be subject to winter killing. 

[21] 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 



PLANTS ADAPTED TO VARIOUS TYPES OF SOIL 
CONDITIONS (Continued) 

B. (Light sandy soils) — Continued. 



TREES— Continued 



Pinus Austriaca 
Austrian Pine 

Pinus strobus 
White Pine 

Pinus sylvestris 
Scotch Pine 



Rhus aromatica 

Fragrant Sumac 
Salix tristis 

Dwarf Gray Willow 
Hamamelis Virginiana 

Witch Hazel 
Caragana arborescens 

Siberian Pea Tree 
Rhamnus cathartica 

Buckthorn 

Azalea nudiflora 
Pinkster Flower 

Cytisus scoparius 

Scotch Broom 
Mahonia aquifolium 

Oregon Grape 
Prunus maritima* 

Beach Plum 



Cornus florida 

Flowering Dogwood 
Pyrus baccata* 

Crab 
Pinus rigida 

Pitch Pine 



SHRUBS 



Rosa rugosa 

Ramanas Rose 
Myrica cerifera 

Bayberry 
Juniperus communis 

Common Juniper 
Vaccinium corymbosum 

Huckleberry 

Symphoricarpos vulgaris 

Coral Berry 
Spiraea Van Houttei* 

Van Houtte's Spirea 
Hydrangea paniculata gr. fl. 

Large-flowering Hydrangea 
Comptonia asplenifolia 

Sweet Fern 
Hippophae rhamnoides 

Sea Buckthorn 



VINES 



Lycium vulgare 

Matrimony Vine 



Lonicera Halleana 

HalVs Honeysuckle 

C. (Heavy clay soils). The plants in this list are 
better adapted to heavy soils than those in the preceding 
list, but should nevertheless be given good drainage in 
clay soils. 

TREES 
Tsuga Canadensis Abies balsamea 

Canadian Hemlock Balsam Fir 

NOTE: — All plants marked (*) must be watched at frequent intervals to keep 
them entirely free from insects and scale. 

[22 1 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 

6. PLANTS ADAPTED TO VARIOUS TYPES OF SOIL 

CONDITIONS (Continued) 

C. (Heavy clay soils) — Continued. 

TREES — Continued 

Picea excelsa Abies Nordmanniana 

Norway Spruce Nordman's Fir 

Thuya occidentalis Acer saccharum 

American Arborvitae Sugar Maple 

Catalpa bignonioides Acer rubrum 

htdian Bean Red Maple 

Abies Larix Americana 

Fir American Larch 

Pinus strobus Fagus 

White Pine Beech 

SHRUBS 

Cornus Sibirica Diervilla trifida 

Siberian Red Osier Bush Honeysuckle 

Halesia tetraptera Viburnum dentatum 

Silver Bell Arrow wood 

Corylus avellana Berberis Thunbergii 

Filbert Thunberg's Barberry 

Calycanthus floridus Hamamelis Virginiana 

Sweet-scented Shrub Witch Hazel 

VINES 

Wistaria Chinensis Lonicera Halleana 

Chinese Wistaria Hall's Honeysuckle 

7. PLANTS FOR EXPOSED LAKE FRONT AND 

RIVER BORDER CONDITIONS 

This list includes the most hardy types of trees and 
shrubs. All of these have been known to withstand severe 
exposure on seashore and lake shore frontage thru the 
northeastern United States. They are used frequently in 
planting steep slopes. 

TREES 

Acer Ginnale Alnus glutinosa 
Siberian Maple Black Alder 

Betula alba Caragana arborescens 
European White Birch Siberian Pea Tree 

[23 1 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 



TREES — Continued 



Betula populifolia 

American Birch 
Crataegus coccinea* 

Scarlet Thorn 
Crataegus oxycantha* 

May Thorn 
Eleagnus angustifolia 

Russian Olive 
Ulmus Americana 

American Elm 
Pyrus baccata* 

Flowering Crab 
Fraxinus Americana 

White Ash 
Robinia pseudacacia 

Black Locust 
Picea excelsa 

Norway Spruce 
Picea alba 

White Spruce 



Juniperus communis Hibemica 

Irish Juniper 
Populus balsamifera 

Balsam Poplar 
Populus Carolinensis 

Carolina Poplar 
Juniperus Virginiana 

Red Cedar 
Pinus Austriaca 

Austrian Pine 
Pinus rigida 

Pitch Pine 
Pinus sylvestris 

Scotch Pine 
Pinus mughus 

Dwarf Pine 
Sorbus Americana 

Mountain Ash 
Quercus macrocarpa 

Mossy Cup Oak 



Salix vitellina 

Golden Willow 

SHRUBS 



Syringa vulgaris* 

Common lilac 
Philadelphus coronarius 

Mock Orange 
Ribes floridum* 

Flowering Currant 
Comus alba Sibirica 

Siberian Osier 
Eleagnus argentea 

Silver Thorn 
Spiraea tomentosa 

Hardhack 
Spiraea sorbi folia 

Sorbe-leaved Spirea 
Myrica cerifera 

Bayberry 

NOTE; — All plants marked (*) must be watched at frequent intervals to keep 
them entirely free from insects and scale. 

[24 1 



Rhamnus cathartica 

Buckthorn 
Symphoricarpos occidentalis 

Western Snowberry 
Viburnum opulus 

High Bush Cranberry 
Berberis vulgaris 

Common Barberry 
Rhus typhina 

Staghorn Sumac 
Rhus glabra 

Smooth Sumac 
Rhus aromatica 

Fragrant Sumac 
Rosa rugosa 

Wrinkled Japanese Rose 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 



PLANTS FOR EXPOSED LAKE FRONT AND 
RIVER BORDER CONDITIONS (Continued) 



Vitis 

Grape Vine 
Lycium vulgare 

Matrimony Vine 
Smilax rotundifolia 

Bull Brier 



VINES 

Lonicera Halleana 

Hall's Honeysuckle 
Ampelopsis quinquefolia 

Virginia Creeper 
Celastrus scandens 

American Bittersweet 
Euonymus radicans 
Creeping Euonymus 



8. PLANTS FOR PARTIALLY SHADED AND 
HEAVILY SHADED SITUATIONS AS 
UNDER LARGE TREES ON LAWNS 

This list consists of lower growing types of trees and 
shrubs, which are adapted to heavy shade. Some of these 
will flourish much better in the shade than in exposed 
conditions. 



Calycanthus floridus 
Sweet-scented Shrub 

Comus florida 

Flowering Dogwood 

Symphoricarpos vulgaris 
Coral Berry 

Symphoricarpos racemosus 

Snowberry 
Kalmia latifolia 

Mountain Laurel 
Taxus Canadensis 

Canadian Yew 
Acer Pennsylvanicum 

Striped Maple 
Amelanchier Canadensis 

Shad Bush 
Ceanothus Americanus 

Neiv Jersey Tea 
Rhodotypos kerrioides 

White Kerria 
Tsuga Canadensis 

Canadian Hemlock 
Cornus alternifolia 

Alternate-leaved Dogwood 



Diervilla trifida 

Bush Honeysuckle 

Comus (in variety) 

Dogwood 
Cornus Mas 

Cornelian Cherry 

Ligustrum (in variety) 

Privet 
Clethra alni folia 

Sweet Pepper Bush 
Azalea (in variety) 

Azalea 
Viburnum acerifolium 

Maple-leaved Viburnum 

Viburnum lentago 

Sheepberry 
Viburnum alnifolium 

Hobble-bush 
Viburnum dentatum 

Arroiv-wood 
Viburnum opulus 

Bush Cranberry 
Hamamelis Virginiana 

Witch Hazel 



25 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 



9. PLANTS FOR UNDERGROWTH PLANTATIONS 
IN WOODED AREAS 

This list consists of material, which in general, can be 
collected from the woods. It is valuable as background 
for perennial wild-garden planting and for undergrowth 
screen in wooded areas. For information supplementing 
this list concerning perennials valuable for ground cover 
in wooded areas, see list No. 20. 

A. SHRUBS AND SMALL TREES 



Cornus alternifolia 

Alternale-leaved Dogwood 
Tsuga Canadensis 

Canadian Hemlock 
Cornus florida 

Flowering Dogwood 
Hamamelis Virginiana 

Witch Hazel 
Ostrya Virginiana 

Hop Hornbeam 
Acer saccharum 

Sugar Maple 
Carpinus Caroliniana 

Blue Beech 
Viburnum acerifolium 

Maple-leaved Viburnum 
Clethra alnifolia 

Pepper Bush 

Ilex 



Ceanothus Americanus 

New Jersey Tea 
Rubus odoratus 

Flowering Raspberry 
Calycanthus floridus 

Sweel Scented Shrub 
Abies balsamea 

Balsam Fir 
Philadelphus inodorus 

Scentless Mock Orange 
Staphylea trifolia 

American Bladder-nut 



Aronia arbuti folia 
Red Chokeberry 

Aronia nigra 

Black Chokeberry 
Leucothoe Cataesbaei 
Cataesby's Leucothoe 
verticillata 
Winterberry 



B. GROUND COVER PLANTS 



Ajuga reptans 
' le 



Convallaria majalis 

Lily -oj-the-V alley 
Euonymus obovatus 

Semi-creeping Euonymus 
Euonymus radicans 

Creeping Euonymus 
Dicksonia punctilobula 

Hay-scented Fern 

All plants marked (t), unless protected during the severe winter months, will 
occasionally be subject to winter killing. 



Vinca minor 

Periwinkle 
Hedera helix f 

English Ivy 
Hypericum kalmianum 

St. Johns Wort 
Polypodium vulgare 

Polypody 
Aster ericoides 

Wood Aster 



26 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 

9. PLANTS FOR UNDERGROWTH PLANTATIONS 
IN WOODED AREAS (Continued) 

B GROUND COVER PLANTS— Continued. 



Osmundia Claytoniana 

Clayton's Fern 
Aspidium acrostichoides 

Christmas Fern 
Aspidium marginale 

Margined Fern 
Viola Canadensis 

Canadian Violet 
Viola cucullata 

Common Violet 



Chimaphila maculata 

Spotted Wintergreen 
Hepatica triloba 

Hepatica or Liverwort 
Podophyllum peltatum 

Mandrake 
Trillium (in variety) 

Wake Robin 
Geranium maculatum 

Crane's Bill 



Anemone Pennsylvanica 
Windflower 



10. PLANTS FOR HEAVY FORMAL EFFECTS 

Consisting of trees and shrubs with upright, compact 
form. These plants are well suited for points of emphasis 
in formal garden developments. The plants in groups 
No. 10 and 11 should be mixed only after very careful study. 



Juniperus Virginiana 
Red Cedar 

Juniperus Virginiana glauca 

Blue Virginia Cedar 
Juniperus Virginiana Schotti 

Schott's Red Cedar 
Thuya occidentalis pyramidalis 

Pyramidal Arborvitae 
Taxus Hibemica 

Irish Yew 
Sciadopitys verticillata 

Umbrella Pine 
Picea excelsa pyramidalis 

Pyramidal Norway Spruce 
Juniperus communis Hibemica 

Irish Juniper 
Juniperus communis Suecica 

Swedish Juniper 



Carpinus betulus 

European Hornbeam 
Quercus robur pedunculata 

English Oak 
Populus nigra Italica 

Italian Lombardy Poplar 
Betula alba fastigiata 

Pyramidal White Birch 
Populus alba BoUeana 

Bolle's Poplar 
Cercidiphyllum Japonicum 

Kadsura Tree 
Acer dasycarpum pyramidalis 

Pyramidal Silver Maple 
Hibiscus syriacus 

Rose of Sharon 
Catalpa Bungei 

Bunge's Catalpa 



27 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 



11. PLANTS FOR NATURAL INFORMAL EFFECTS 

These plants are quite the opposite to those in list 
No. 10. Irregular in outline, loose in texture and habit of 
growth, they are not adapted in general to produce the neat 
lines of foliage required in formal developments. 

Forsythia suspensa Robinia pseudacacia 

Drooping Golden Bell Black Locust 

Tamarix gallica Cornus (in variety)* 

French Tamarisk Dogwood 

Hippophae rhamnoides Deutzia (in variety) 

Sea Buckthorn Weigela (in variety) 

Rhus cotinus Philadelphus grandiflorus 

Smoke Bush Large-flowered Mock Orange 

Chionanthus Virginica Rosa rugosa 

White Fringe Wrinkled Japanese Rose 

Salix Babylonica Spiraea Van Houttei* 

Weeping Willow Van Houtte's Spirea 

Amelanchier botryapium Viburnum opulus 

Service Berry High Bush Cranberry 

Cerasus avium fl. pi.* Lonicera Tatarica 

European Double-flowering Tartarian Honeysuckle 

Cherry Native Rhododendron 

Laburnum vulgare Rhus (in variety) 

Golden Chain Sumac 

Sambucus Canadensis Ribes* 

Elder Flowering Currants 

Symphoricarpos racemosus 
Snowberry 

12. PLANTS VALUABLE BECAUSE OF THE 
AUTUMN COLORATION OF LEAVES 

This list consists of trees and shrubs which brighten the 
landscape at the end of the growing season. No reference 
in this list is made to trees and shrubs whose leaves merely 
turn brown in the fall. Many of these types can be used 
for specimen and accent purposes. (See list No. 4.) 

EARLY 
Acer negundo Liquidambar styraciflua 

Box Elder Sweet Gum 

Acer rubrum Sassafras officinalis 

Red Maple Common Sassafras 

NOTE: — All plants marked (*) must be watched at frequent intervals to keep 
them entirely free from insects and scale. 

[28 1 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 



12. PLANTS VALUABLE BECAUSE OF THE AU- 
TUMN COLORATION OF LEAVES (Continued) 

EARLY— Continued. 



Rhus typhina 

Staghorn Sumac 
Betula lutea 

Yellow Birch 



Ampelopsis quinquefolia 

Virginia Creeper 
Quercus rubra 

Red Oak 
Fraxinus Americana 

While Ash 
Viburnum acerifolium 

Maple-leaved Viburnum 



Acer saccharum 
Sugar Maple 

Acer rubrum 
Red Maple 



MEDIUM 



Nyssa sylvatica 
Sour Gum 

Berberis Thunbergii 

Thunberg's Barberry 

Vaccinium corymbosum 
Huckleberry 

Rhus aromatica 
Fragrant Sumac 



Viburnum dentatum 
Arrow-wood 



LATE 



Quercus coccinea 

Scarlet Oak 
Comus florida 

White-flowering Dogwood 
Cladrastis lutea 

Yellow-wood 
Mahonia aquifoUum 

Oregon Grape 
Hamamelis Virginiana 

Witch Hazel 



Ginkgo biloba 

Maidenhair Tree 
Euonymus Europaeus 

European Spindle Tree 
Forsythia viridissima 

Dark Green Forsythia 
Euonymus alatus 

Winged Spindle Tree 
Oxydendrum arboreum 

Sourwood 



13. PLANTS FOR DIFFERENT FLOWERING 
EFFECTS 

A. (Producing flowers in early spring before the leaves 
appear). The types of trees and shrubs included in this list 
are necessarily few in number. They add greatly to land- 
scape plantings by shortening the so often uninteresting 
period just previous to the time when the leaves break. 
These specimens should seldom be used in large mass effects. 



Cornus Mas 

Cornelian Cherry 



Forsythia suspensa 

Drooping Golden Bell 



29 ] 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 



Magnolia stellata 
Starry Magnolia 

Cercis Canadensis 

Red Bud 
Comus florida 

White-flowering, Dogwood 
Halesia tetraptera 

Silver Bell 
Benzoin odoriferum 

Spice Bush 
Azalea lutea 

Flame^Azalea 



Forsythia (in variety) 
Golden Bell 



Prunus triloba* 

Flowering Plum 
Prunus (in variety)* 

Plum 
Amelanchier botryapium 

Service Berry 
Mahonia aqui folium 

Oregon Grape 
Azalea Vaseyi 

Vasey's Azalea 
Azalea nudiflora 
Pinkster Flower 



B. (Producing flowers in early spring immediately 
after the leaves appear). Thru a careful selection of plants, 
the season of bloom with flowering trees and shrubs can be 
made almost continuous. Only the trees and shrubs pro- 
ducing an abundance of flowers are listed in this group. 



Crataegus (in variety)* 

Thorn 
Azalea mollis 

Japanese Azalea 
Spiraea Thunbergii 

Thunberg's Spirea 
Spiraea prunifolia* 

Bridal Wreath Spirea 
Syringa (in variety)* 

Lilac 

Sambucus Canadensis 
Elder 

Rhodotypos kerrioides 
White Kerria 



Exochorda grandiflora 

Pearl Bush 
Viburnum plicatum 

Japanese Snowball 
Viburnum (in variety) 

Viburnum 
Lonicera fragrantissima 

Early Fragrant Honeysuckle 
Robinia pseudacacia 

Black Locust 
Prunus Japonica fl. pi.* 

Double-flowered Almond 
Halesia tetraptera 

Silver Bell 



C. (Producing flowers during the summer months). 
This is probably the largest group of flowering trees and 
shrubs. This list may be used freely for flowering effects 
during June and July. 



Cladrastis tinctoria 

Yellow-wood 
Spiraea Van Houttei* 

Van Houtte's Spirea 



Koelreuteria paniculata 

Varnish Tree 
Diervilla hybrida 

Hybrid Weigela 



NOTE; — All plants marked (*) must be watched at frequent intervals to keep 
them entirely free fromjnsects and scale. 

[30 1 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 



13. PLANTS FOR DIFFERENT FLOWERING 
EFFECTS (Continued) 

C. (Producing flowers during the summer months) — 
Continued. 



Kalmia latifolia 

Mountain Laurel 
Rhododendrons 

Hybrid Varieties 
Oxydendrum arboreum 

Sour wood 
Roses* 

(in variety) 
Philadelphus (in variety)" 

Mock Orange 
Syringa (in variety)* 

Lilac 



Callicarpa purpurea 

Beauty Fruit 
Rosa rugosa 

Japanese Rose 
Deutzia (in variety) 
Hydrangea (in variety) 
Comus (in variety) 

Dogwood 
Viburnum (in variety) 

Viburnum 
Spiraea (in variety)* 

Spirea 



D. (Producing flowers in late summer and during 
autumn). There are comparatively few shrubs which 
produce an interesting flowering effect during the later 
summer months and the early autumn. All of these shrubs 
are entirely hardy. 



Spiraea Billardi 

Billard's Spirea 
Spiraea Anthony Waterer 

Crimson Spirea 
Hibiscus syriacus 

Rose of Sharon 
Hydrangea paniculata gr. fl. 

Large-flowered Hydragen 
Potentilla fruticosa 

Shrubby Cinquefoil 
Symphoricarpos vulgaris 

Coral Berry 



Baccharis hahmifolia 

Groundsel Bush 
Hamamelis Virginiana 

Witch Hazel 
Kerria Japonica 

Globe Flower 
Hypericum (in variety) f 

Hypericum 
Clethra alni folia 
Pepperbush 
Symphoricarpos racemosus 

Snowberry 



(Producing flowers in reds and pinks). 

EARLY-FLOWERING TYPES 



Magnolia Soulangeanaf 
Soulange's Magnolia 

Cercis Canadensis 
Red Bud 



Pyrus angustifolia* 

Narrow-leaved Crab 

Pyrus coronaria* 

Wild Crab Apple 



NOTE: — All plants marked (*) must be watched at frequent intervals to keep 
them entirely free from insects and scale. 

All plants marked (f), unless protected during the severe winter months, will 
occasionally be subject to winter killing. 

[31 1 



GENERAL LANDS CAPE PLANTING 

Cornus florida rubra Pyrus floribunda* 

Red Flowering Dogwood Flowering Crab 

Prunus Japonica Pyrus Halleana* 

Japanese Plum Parkman's Crab 

Prunus Persica vulgaris* Azalea nudiflora 

Common Peach Pinkster Flower 

Prunus tomentosa* Azalea Vaseyi 

Japanese Plum Carolina Azalea 

Kalmia angustifolia Rhodora Canadensis 

Sheep Laurel Rhodora 

LATE SPRING AND SUMMER FLOWERING TYPES 

Diervilla rosea Rosa rugosa rubra 
Rose-colored Weigela Japanese Rose 

Spiraea Anthony Waterer Spiraea tomentosa 

Crimson Spirea Hardhack 

Roses (in variety) 

F. (Producing yellow flowers) 

EARLY-FLOWERING TYPES 

Forsythia (in variety) Lonicera fragrantissima 

Golden Bell Fragrant Honeysuckle 

Jasminum nudiflorum Ribes aureum* 

Yellow Jasmine Flowering Currant 

Berberis (in variety) Eleagnus angustifolia 

Barberry Russian Olive 

Benzoin odoriferum Eleagnus longipes 

Spice Bush Japanese Oleaster 

Cytisus scoparius Cornus Mas 

Scotch Broom Cornelian Cherry 

LATE SPRING AND SUMMER-FLOWERING TYPES 

Azalea calendulacea Colutea arborescens 

Flame Azalea Bladder Senna 

Caragana arborescens Harrison's Yellow Rosef 

Siberian Pea Tree Yellow Rambler Rose 

Kerria Japonica t Persian Yellow Rose 

Globe Flower 

Hypericum (in variety)! Koelreuteria paniculata 

Hypericum Varnish Tree 

Laburnum vulgare Potentilla fruticosa 

Golden Chain Shrubby Ctnquefoil 

NOTE: — All plants marked (*) must be watched at frequent intervals to keep 
them entirely free from insects and scale. 

All plants marked (f). unless protected during the severe winter months, will 
occasionally be subject to winter killing. 

[32 1 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 



13. PLANTS FOR DIFFERENT FLOWERING 
EFFECTS (Continued) 

G. (Producing white flowers) 

EARLY-FLOWERING TYPES 



Spiraea Van Houttei* 

Van Hoiitte's Spirea 
Crataegus (in variety)* 

Thorn 
Azalea viscosum 

Swamp Azalea 
Viburnum (in variety) 

Viburnum 
Lonicera Morrowi 

Morrow's Honeysuckle 
Cornus (in variety) * 
Dogwood 

LATE SPRING AND SUMMER-FLOWERING TYPES 



Cornus florida 

Flowering Dogwood 
Prunus (in variety)* 

Plum 
Halesia tetraptera 

Silver Bell 
Spiraea Thunbergii 

Thunberg's Spirea 
Chionanthus Virginica 

While Fringe 



Rhodotypos kerrioides 

While Kerria 
Philadelphus (in variety) 

Mock Orange 
Hydrangea (in variety) 

Cladrastis tinctoria 

Yellow-wood 
Robinia pseudacacia 

Black Locust 
Rosa multiflora 

Japanese Climbing Rose 
Sambucus racemosus 

Red-berried Elder 
Spiraea opuli folia 

Ninebark 



Spiraea prunifolia* 

Bridal Wreath 
Aesculus parviflora 

Dwarf Horse Chestnut 
Rhododendron (white) 
Deutzia (in variety) 
Clethra alnifolia 

Pepper Bush 
Rosa alba* 

Whiteflowered Rose 
Rosa lucida* 

White-flowered Glossy Rose 
Sambucus Canadensis 

American Elder 
Ligustrum (in variety) 

Privet 



14. PLANTS VALUABLE FOR THE 
CHARACTERISTICS OF THEIR FRUIT 

These lists include trees and shrubs which bear fruit 
singularly interesting for landscape effects. There are many 
other shrubs which bear fruit which is not interesting from a 
landscape standpoint because of no marked characteristic. 

NOTE: — All plants marked (*) must be watched at frequent intervals to keep 
them entirely free from insects and scale. 

[33 1 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 

A. (Producing fruit of peculiarly interesting form 
or size) 



Toxylon pomiferum* 

Osage Orange 
Magnolia acuminata 

Cucumber Tree 
Asimina triloba 

Paw- Paw 
Platanus orientalis 

Button-Ball Tree 
Cephalanthus occidentalis 

Button Bush 



Gleditsia triacanthos 

Honey Locust 
Gymnocladus Canadensis 

Kentucky Coffee Tree 
Liquidambar styraciflua 

Sweet Gum 
Liriodendron tulipifera 

Tulip Tree 
Catalpa speciosa 

Western Catalpa 



Fruit trees in general 



B, (Producing fruit valuable for its color effects) 



Berberis (in variety) 

Barberry 
Cotoneasters 

Cotoneasters 
Crataegus (in variety)* 

Thorn 
Eleagnus longipes 

Japanese Oleaster 
Euonymus Americanus 

Strawberry Bush 
Euonymus alatus 

Winged Burning Bush 

Myrica cerifera 
Bayberry 

Rhus glabra 

Smooth Sumac 
Rhus typhina 

Staghorn Sumac 
Rosa blanda* 

Meadow Rose 
Rosa rugosa 

Wrinkled Japanese Rose 

Rosa multiflora 

Japanese Climbing Rose 



Celastrus scandens 

Bittersweet Vine 
Ilex opacat 

American Holly 
Ilex verticillata 

Winterberry 

Ilex crenataf 

Japanese Holly 
Lonicera Morrowi 

Morrow's Honeysuckle 
Lonicera Tatarica 

Tartarian Honeysuckle 
Rhodotypus kerrioides 

White Kerria 
Sambucus racemosus 

Red-berried Elder 
Sambucus Canadensis 

Common Elder 
Sorbus aucuparia 

European Mountain Ash 
Symphoricarpos vulgaris 

Indian Currant 
Symphoricarpos racemosus 

Snowberry 



NOTE: — All plants marked (*) must be watched at frequent intervals to keep 
them entirely free from insects and scale. 

All plants marked (t), unless protected during the severe winter months, will 
occasionally be subject to winter killing. 

[34 1 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 

14. PLANTS VALUABLE FOR THE 
CHARACTERISTICS OF THEIR FRUIT (Continued) 



Rosa rubiginosa 

Sweet Brier 
Pyracantha coccineaf 

Evergreen Thorn 
Ligustrum (in variety) 

Privet 
Callicarpa purpurea 

Purple-Fruited Beauty Fruit 



Viburnum opulus 

High Bush Cranberry 
Viburnum lentago 

Sheepberry 
Viburnum lantana 

Wayfaring Tree 
Cornus (in variety) 

Dogwood 



C. (Producing fruit valuable during the winter months) 



Berberis (in variety) 

Barberry 
Celastrus scandens 

Bittersweet Vine 
Crataegus (in variety) 

Thorn 
Ilex opacaf 

American Holly 
Ilex verticillata 

Winterberry 
Myrica cerifera 

Bayberry 
Ligustrum ibota 

Ibota Privet 
Ligustrum vulgare 

European Privet 

D. 



Rhodotypos kerrioides 

White Kerria 
Rhus glabra 

Smooth Sumac 
Rhus typhina 

Staghorn Sumac 
Rosa rugosa 

Wrinkled Japanese Rose 
Rosa blanda* 

Meadow Rose 
Rosa multiflora 

Japanese Climbing Rose 
Viburnum opulus 

High Bush Cranberry 
Pyracantha coccineaf 

Evergreen Thorn 

(Producing fruit valuable for attracting birds) 
a. Fruit in summer 



Morus rubra 

Red Mulberry 
Prunus (in variety)* 

Plum 
Amelanchiers (in variety) 

Service Berry 
Rubus (in variety) 

Raspberry 
Sambucus (in variety) 

Elder 
Vaccinium (in variety) 

Blue Berry 
Cornus alternifolia 

Alternate-leaved Dogwood 
Cornus sericea* 

Silky Dogwood 



Gaultheria procumbens 

Wintergreen 
Aralia pentaphylla 

Five-leaved Aralia 
Ampelopsis quinquefolia 

Virginia Creeper 
Fragaria Virginiana 

Strawberry 
Benzoin odoriferum 

Spice Bush 
Cerasus serotina* 

Wild Cherry 
Cerasus padus* 

European Bird Cherry 
Pyrus (in variety) 

Chokeberry 



NOTE:^All plants marked (*) must be watched at frequent intervals to keep 
them entirely free from insects and scale. 

All plants marked (f), unless protected during the severe winter months, will 
occasionally be subject to winter killing. 



35 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 



a. Fruit in summer — Continued 



Viburnum (in variety) 

Viburnum 
Vitis 

Grape 



Comus florida 

Flowering Dogwood 
Juniperus Virginiana 

Red Cedar 
Rhus (in variety) 

Sumac 
Chionanthus Virginica 

White Fringe 
Tsuga Canadensis 

Canadian Hemlock 
Ilex verticillata 

Winter Berry 



Lonicera (in variety) 

Honeysuckle 
Symphoricarpos (in variety) 

Coral Berry and Snow Berry 
Crataegus (in variety) 
Thorn 

Holding fruit into winter months 

Sorbus Americana 

Mountain Ash 
Betula lenta, lutea, and alba 

Birch 
Diervilla hybrida 

Weigela (in variety) 
Myrica cerifera 

Bayberry 
Lonicera (in variety) 

Honeysuckle 
Symphoricarpos (in variety) 

Snow Berry and Coral Berry 
Viburnum (in variety) 
Viburnum 

E. (Producing fruit which makes the plant unde- 
sirable in landscape planting). 

Ginkgo biloba Gleditsia triacanthos 
Maidenhair Tree Honey Locust 

Aesculus hippocastanum Catalpa (in variety) 
Common Horse Chestnut Catalpa 

Ailanthus glandulosa Nut Trees (in variety) 
Tree of Heaven 

15. PLANTS VALUABLE FOR USE IN ROCK 
GARDENS AND IN JAPANESE GARDENS 
This list consists of trees, shrubs and perennials, which 
are dwarf in habit of growth and sometimes picturesque in 
character. Many of the perennials included in this list 
are adapted to the poorer soil conditions. 



EVERGREENS 



Rhododendron ferrugineum 

Ritsty-leaved Rhododendron 
Pinus mughus 

Dwarf Pine 
Andromeda floribunda 

Mountain Fetterbush 
Buxus suffruticosa 

Dwarf Box 
Erica vagans 

Cornish Heath 



Picea excelsa Gregoriana 

Gregory's Spruce 
Juniperus Sabina 

Savin Juniper 
Juniperus communis 

Common Juniper 
Juniperus communis tamariscifolia 

Tamarisk-leaved Juniper 
Taxus baccata repandens 

Spreading Yew 



[36 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 



15. PLANTS VALUABLE FOR USE IN ROCK 
GARDENS AND IN JAPANESE GARDENS (Continued) 

EVERGREENS— Continued 



Daphne Cneorum 

Garland Flower 
Retinospora obtusa nana aurea 

Dwarf Golden Japanese Cypress 



Taxus cuspidata 

Japanese Yew 
Retinospora obtusa nana 

Dwarf Japanese Cypress 



DECIDUOUS TREES AND SHRUBS 



Azalea mollis 

Japanese Azalea 
Azalea nudiflora 

Pinkster Flower 
Deutzia gracilis 

Slender Deutzia 
Euonymus obovatus 

Running Strawberry Bush 
Acer polymorphum 

Japanese Maple 



Hypericum Moserianumf 

Gold Flower 
Lonicera Alberti 

Large-Fruited Honeysuckle 
Philadelphus corinarius nanus 

Dwarf Mock Orange 
Rhodora Canadensis 

Rhodora 
Viburnum opulus nanum 

Dwarf Cranberry Bush 



Cotoneaster horizontalis 
Prostrate Cotoneaster 



PERENNIALS 



Achillea Boule de Neige 

Ball of Snow 
Alyssum saxatile compactum 

Golden Tuft 
Arabis alpina nana compactis 

Dwarf Rock Cress 
Campanula Carpatica 

Carpathian Harebell 
Cerastium tomentosum 

Snow-in-Summer 
Lychnis viscaria splendens 

Double-flowered Lychnis 
Aquilegia Canadensis 

Columbine 
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi 

Bear Berry 
Dianthus plumarius 

Scotch Pink 
Dodecatheon meadia 

Shooting Star 



Iberis sempervirens 

Hardy Candytuft 
Phlox subulata 

Moss Pink 
Sedum sexangulare 

Dark Green Stonecrop 
Sedum spectabile 

Brilliant Stonecrop 
Thalictrum aquilegifolium 

Meadow Rue 
Saxifraga cordifolia 

Saxifrage 
Sedum acre 

Stonecrop 
Tunica saxifraga 

Tunica 
Vinca minor 

Periwinkle 
Veronica repens 

Creeping Speedwell 



All plants marked (t). unless protected during the severe winter months, will 
occasionally be subject to winter killing. 

[37] 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 



Anemone Pennsylvanica 
Windflower 

Mitchella repensf 
Partridge Berry 



Silene maritima 

Catchfly 
Silene Pennsylvanica 

Wild Pink 



16. PLANTS FOR USE IN CONGESTED CITY 
DISTRICTS 

Atmospheric conditions existing in the more intensely- 
developed portions of the residence, apartment house and 
factory districts, require a careful selection of plants to 
withstand these conditions. This list contains trees and 
shrubs which may be used with a large degree of certainty 
under normal city conditions. Collected native stock 
should never be immediately transferred to city atmosphere. 



TREES 

Crataegus (in variety)* 

Thorn 
Cercis Canadensis 

Judas Tree 
Pinus mughus 

Dwarf Pine 
Pinus sylvestris 

Scotch Pine 
Picea pungens 

Colorado Blue Spruce 
Thuya occidentalis 

American Arborvitae 
Juniperus Virginiana 

Red Cedar 
Abies concolor 

Silver Fir 
Tilia Europaea 

European Linden 

SHRUBS 

Viburnum (in variety) 

Viburnum 
Symphoricarpos (in variety) 

Symphoricarpos 
Forsythia (in variety) 

Golden Bell 



Ailanthus glandulosa 

Tree of Heaven 
Platanus orientalis 

Oriental Plane 
Ginkgo biloba 

Maidenhair Tree 
Quercus palustris 

Pin Oak 
Aesculus hippocastanum 

Common Horse Chestnut 
Ulmus campestris 

English Elm 
Fraxinus (in variety) 

Ash 
Salix (in variety) 

Willow 
Robinia pseudacacia 

Black Locust 



Ligustrum (in variety) 

Privet 
Rhamnus (in variety) 

Buckthorn 
Syringa vulgaris* 

Common Lilac 

NOTE: — All plants marked (*) must be watched at frequent intervals to keep 
them entirely free from insects and scale. 

All plants marked (t). unless protected during the severe winter months, will 
occasionally be subject to winter killing. 

[38] 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 

16. PLANTS FOR USE IN CONGESTED CITY 
DISTRICTS (Continued). 

SHRUBS (Continued) 

Spiraea (in variety) * Comus (in variety) 

Spirea Dogwood 

Hibiscus syriacus Euonymus Americanus 

Rose oj Sharon Strawberry Bush 

Berberis Thunbergii 

Thunberg's Barberry 

17. VINES FOR VARIOUS USES 

The following lists show various groups of vines which 
are valuable for various uses. The list in (B) is complete. 
With careful selection under widely varying conditions a 
more general use of vines can be made than shown in these 
lists. 

A. (Valuable for their flowering effect): 

Roses Wichuraiana Hybrids Tecoma radicans 

Memorial Rose American Trumpet Vine 

Clematis (in variety) Wistaria (in variety) 

Clematis Wistaria 

Lonicera (in variety)* 
Honeysuckle 

B. (Valuable for their use on brick, stone, and masonry 
walls, and wood structures): 

Schizophragma hydrangeoides Ampelopsis Engelmanni 

Climbing Hydrangea Engelmann's Ampelopsis 

Euonymus radicans Hedera helix t 

Climbing Euonymus English Ivy 

Ampelopsis Veitchi 
Boston Ivy 

C. (Valuable because of their vigorous climbing habits 
and heavy foliage effects): 

Clematis paniculata Ampelopsis quinquefolia 

Japanese Clematis Virginia Creeper 

Euonymus radicans Wistaria (in variety) 

Climbing Euonymus Wistaria 

Celastrus scandens Aristolochia sipho 

American Bittersweet Dutchman's Pipe 

Lonicera (in variety) Tecoma radicans 

Honeysuckle American Trumpet Vine 

NOTE: — All plants marked (*) must be watched at frequent intervals to keep 
them entirely free from insects and scale. 

All plants marked (f). unless protected during the severe winter months, will 
occasionally be subject to winter killing. 

[39 1 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 



D. (Valuable because of fruiting characteristics) 



Akebia quinata 

Five-leaved Akebia 
Clematis paniculata 

Japanese Clematis 
Celastrus scandens 

American Bitlersweet 
Roses (in variety) 



Lycium vulgare 

Matrimony Vine 
Ampelopsis quinquefolia 

Virginia Creeper 
Solanum dulcamara 

Woody Night Shade 
Actinidia polygama 

Dark-leaved Silver Vine 



E. (Valuable because of their fast-growing character) : 



Humulus Japonicus 

Japanese Hop 
Lonicera Halleana 

Halls Honeysuckle 
Actinidia polygama 

Dark-leaved Silver Vine 



Clematis paniculata 
Japanese Clematis 

Tecoma radicans 
Trumpet Vine 

Aristolochia sipho 
Dutchman's Pipe 



Pueraria Thunbergiana t 
Kudzu Vine 

18. PLANTS OF FAST-GROWING TYPES VALUABLE 
FOR PRODUCING SCREEN EFFECTS 
SOON AFTER PLANTING 

This list of materials enables the designer to quickly 
cover or screen undesirable objects. Such plants in general, 
should be considered only temporary in character, until 
the more permanent and slower growing types have devel- 
oped. This list includes vines shown under No. 17-E. 



Pinus sylvestris 

Scotch Pine 
Picea excelsa 

Norway Spruce 
Acer dasycarpum 

Silver Maple 
Populus (in variety) 

Poplar 
Salix (in variety) 

Willow 



TREES 



Catalpa speciosa 

Indian Bean 
Toxylon pomiferum * 

Osage Orange 
Robinia pseudacacia 

Black Locust 
Ailanthus glandulosa 

Tree of Heaven 
Acer negundo 

Box Elder 



SHRUBS 
Spiraea opulifolia 

Ninebark 
Sambucus Canadensis 

Elder 
Philadelphus grandiflorus 

Large-flowered Mock Orange 

NOTE: — All plants marked (*) must be watched at frequent intervals to keep 
them entirely free from insects and scale. 

[40] 



Ligustrum Amurense 
Amoor River Privet 

Cornus Sibirica* 

Siberian Dogwood 

Cornus stolonifera* 
Red Osier Cornel 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 



19. PLANTS ADAPTED FOR TRANSPLANTING AT 
SPECIFIC SEASONS OF THE YEAR 

This list includes two groups; a group which should 
be planted in the fall and a group which should be planted 
in the spring. Results may be obtained with extra care 
thru fall planting or spring planting in either instance. 
The plants indicated in this group, however, develop much 
more readily if transplanted at the season indicated. 



FOR FALL PLANTING 



Paeonies (in variety) 
Papaver orientale 

Oriental Poppy 
Liliums (in variety) 
Trillium 
Blood Root 
Solomon's Seal 



Most native perennials 
Most coniferous evergreens 
(Aug.-Sept.) 

Most deciduous vines 
Most deciduous shrubs 
Most small fruits 



FOR SPRING PLANTING 



Rhododendrons 
Calycanthus floridus 

Strawberry Bush 
Crataegus (in variety) 

Thorns 
Hibiscus syriacus 

Rose of Sharon 

Kerria Japonicaf 
Globe Flower 

Benzoin odoriferum 

Spice Bush 
Magnolia glauca 

Sweet Bay 
Rhus aromatica 

Sweet-scented Sumac 
Acer dasycarpum 

Silver Maple 
Cornus florida 

Flowering Dogwood 
Populus (in variety) 

Poplar 
Andromedas 
Azaleas 



Ericaceous plants, all sorts 
Rosa rugosa 

Wrinkled Japanese Rose 
Stephanandra flexuosa 

Stephanandra 
Tamarix gallica 

French Tamarisk 
Viburnum tomentosum plicatum 

Japanese Snowball 

Hedera helix t 

English Ivy 
Liriodendron tulipifera 

Tulip Tree 
Morus rubra 

Red Mulberry 
Anemone Japonica 

Japanese Windflower 
Taxus (in variety) 

Yew 
Fagus sylvatica 

Beech 
Chrysanthemums 
Kalmias 



All plants marked (f), unless protected during the severe winter months, will 
occasionally be subject to winter killing. 

[41] 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 



20. PERENNIALS VALUABLE FOR NATURALIZING 
IN WILD GARDEN AREAS 

TALL-GROWING TYPES 



Anemone Pennsylvanica 
Windflower 

Aquilegia Canadensis 

Native Columbine 
Cimicifuga racemosa 

Snakeroot 
Lobelia cardinalis 

Cardinal Flower 
Spiraea filipendula 

Herbaceous Meadowsweet 
Digitalis purpurea 

Foxglove 
Hemerocallis (in variety) 

Day Lily 
Eupatorium purpureum 

Eupatoriutn 
Helianthus (in variety) 

Perennial Sunflowers 
Phlox divaricata 

Wild Sweet William 
Aquilegia vulgaris 

Common Columbine 
Dicksonia punctilobula 

Hav-scenied Fern 



Asclepias tuberosa 
Butterfly Weed 

Liatris pycnostachia 

Blazing Star 
Aster corymbosus 

Aster 
Solidago Canadensis 

Goldenrod 
Aster ericoides 

Aster 
Tradescantia 

Spiderwort 

Actaea alba 

White Baneberry 
Aster cordifolius 

Starwort Aster 

Smilacina racemosa 
False Spikenard 

Osmunda (in variety) 

Ferns 
Thalictrum 

Meadow Rue 
Lychnis (in variety) 

Lychnis 



Monarda (in variety) 
Bee-balm 

LOW-GROWING TYPES 



Trillium grandiflorum 

Trillium 
Hepatica triloba 

Liver Leaf 
Viola Canadensis 

Canadian Violet 
Aspidium marginale 

Evergreen Wood Fern 
Heuchera sanguinea 

Coral Bell 
Oenothera biennis 

Evening Primrose 
Convallaria majalis 

Lily-oJ'-the- Valley 

All plants marked (t), unless protec 
occasionally be subject to winter killing 



Phlox subulata 

Moss Pink 
Primula 

Primrose 
Polygonatum biflorum 

Solomon's Seal 
Viola canina 

Dog-toothed Violet 
Myosotis palustris 

Forget-me-not 
Claytonia Virginica 

Spring Beauty 
Mitchella repensf 

Partridge Berry 
ted during the severe winter months, will 



42 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 



21. PERENNIALS VALUABLE FOR DIFFERENT 
PURPOSES 

A. (Standard types of hardy perennials for general use) : 



Iris 


Aquilegia 


Iris 


Columbine 


Phlox 


Lilium 


Phlox 


Lily 


Paeonia 


Aster 


Peony 


Aster 


Delphinium 


Chrysanthemum 


Larkspur 


Chrysanthemum 


Campanula 


Spiraea 


Harebell 


Spirea 


Viola 


Dianthus 


Violet 


Pinks 




Anemone 




Windflower 


B. (Perennials valuable for cut-flowers): 


Achillea Boule de Neige 


Gypsophila paniculata 


Ball of Snow 


Baby's Breath 


Anemone Japonica 


Helianthus (in variety) 


Japanese Windflower 


Sunflower 


Astilbe Japonica 


Heuchera sanguinea 


Japanese Astilbe 


Coral Bells 


Boltonia asteroides 


Iris Germanica 


False Chamomile 


German Iris 


Chrysanthemum 


Paeonies (in variety) 


Pompom varieties 


Peony 


Coreopsis lanceolata 


Phlox paniculata 


Lance-leaved Tickseed 


Garden Phlox 


Delphinium formosum 


Pyrethrum roseum 


Showy Larkspur 


Feverfew 


Dianthus barbatus 


Veronica (in variety) 


Sweet William 


Speedwell 


Gaillardia aristata 


Digitalis 


Blanket Flower 


Foxglove 


C. (Perennials 


valuable for early spring gar( 


Adonis vemalis 


Dianthus barbatus 


Pheasant's Eye 


Sweet William 


Aquilegia Canadensis 


Iberis sempervirens 


Columbine 


Evergreen Candytuft 



43 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 



Iris cristata 

Crested Iris 
Anemone Pennsylvanica 

Canadian Windflower 

Astilbe Japonica 
Japanese Astilbe 



Myosotis palustris 

True Forget-me-not 

Paeonia officinalis 

Double-flowering Peony 

Trollius Europaeus 
Orange Globe 



Bellis perennis 
English Daisy 



D. Perennials 


valuable 


for their summer flow( 


effect) : 






Clematis recta 




Phlox paniculata 


Herbaceous Clematis 




Garden Phlox 


Coreopsis lanceolata 




Paeonia Chinensis 


Lance-leaved Tickseed 




Chinese Peony 


Delphinium formosum 




Funkia subcordata 


Showy Larkspur 




White-flowered Day Lily 


Gaillardia aristata 




Platycodon grandiflorum 


Blanket Flower 




Balloon Flower 


Hemerocallis 




Pyrethrum roseum 


Day Lily 




Feverfew 


Iris Germanica 




Veronica longifolia subsessilis 


German Iris 




Japanese Speedwell 




Iris laevigata 




Japanese Iris 



E. (Perennials valuable for their fall flowering effect) 



Aster amellus 

Dwarf Aster 
Aster Novae Angliae 

New England Aster 
Aster (in variety) 

Aster 

Boltonia asteroides 

False Chamomile 
Campanula pyramidalis 

Chimney Bellflower 
Anemone Japonica 

Japanese Windflower 
Chrysanthemum 

(Hardy types) 



Clematis Davidiana 
David's Clematis 

Helenium autumnale 
Sneeze Wort 

Helianthus rigidus 
Sunflower 

Lobelia cardinalis 
Cardinal Flower 

Kniphofia pfitzeri 
Red-hot Poker 

Solidago (in variety) 

Golden Rod 
Salvia Greggii 

Salvia 



44 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 



21. PERENNIALS VALUABLE FOR DIFFERENT 
PURPOSES (Continued) 

F. (Perennials with blue flowers): 



Vinca minor 

Periwinkle 
Viola comuta 

Violet 
Viola odorata 

Scented Violet 
Scilla Sibirica 

Squill 
Monarda fistulosa 

Bee Balm 
Aster Novae Angliae 

New England Aster 
Iris pallida dalmatica 

Dalmatian Iris 
Iris Sibirica 

Siberian Iris 
Baptisia Australis 

False Indigo 
Campanula pyramidalis 

Chimney Bell Flower 



Anchusa Italica 

Italian Alkanet 
Veronica longi folia subsessilis 

Japanese Speedwell 
Myosotis palustris semperflorens 

True-forget-me-not 

Aquilegia caerulea 

Rocky Mountain Columbine 
Delphinium formosum 

Showy Larkspur 
Delphinium elatum 

Bee Larkspur 
Salvia pratensis 

Meadow Sage 
Aconitum napellus 

Monkshood 
Platycodon 

Balloon Flower 
Campanula Carpatica 

Carpathian Bell Flower 



G. (Perennials with white flowers). 



Achillea Boule de Neige 

Ball of Snow 
Anemone Japonica 

Japanese Windflower 
Arabis albida 

Rock Crest 
Astilbe Japonica 

Japanese Astilbe 
Campanula persicifolia alba 

Peach Bells 
Chrysanthemum maximum 

Chrysanthemum 

Delphinium grandiflorum album 

Chinese Larkspur 
Funkia subcordata 

White-Jlowered Day Lily 
Gypsophila paniculata 

Baby's Breath 



Narcissus poeticus 

Narcissus 
Paeonies (in variety) 

Peony 
Phlox paniculata (in variety) 

Garden Phlox 
Trillium grandiflorum 

Wake Robin 
Viola comuta alba 

Horned Violet 
Eupatorium ageratoides 

White Snakeroot 
Phlox subulata alba 

White Moss Pink 
Spiraea aruncus 

Goat's Beard 
Iberis sempervirens 

Evergreen Candytuft 



45 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 



H. (Perennials with pink and white flowers): 



Anemone Japonica-Alice 

Japanese Windflower 
Armeria maritima-Lauchiana 

Sea Thrift 
Astilbe Chinensis 

Chinese Astilbe 
Phlox subulata 

Moss Pink 
Phlox paniculata (in variety) 

Garden Phlox 
Daphne Cneorum 

Garland Flower 



Dianthus deltoides 

Maiden Pink 
Dianthus plumarius 

Scotch Pink 
Lilium speciosum roseum 

Japanese Pink Lily 
Lilium speciosum Melpomene 

Melpomene Lily 
Papaver orientale-Blush Queen 

Oriental Poppy 
Paeonia (in variety) 

Peony 



I. (Perennials with red flowers): 



Tritoma pfitzeri 

Red-hot Poker 
Tulipa (in variety) 

Tulip 
Paeonies (in variety) 
Phlox (in variety) 
Lilium pardalinum 

California Lily 
Lilium tenuifolium 

Siberian Coral Lily 
Lychnis viscaria splendens 

Ragged Robin 
Penstemon barbatus 

Beard Tongue 

J. (Perennials which should not be used in small 
refined formal garden areas). So often in small formal 
gardens, one finds the garden overrun with large stock. 
There are a few varieties of perennials which should con- 
sistently be avoided in developing the small formal flower 
garden. If used, these perennials will produce a loose, 
rampant and ragged effect not in keeping with the neat 
lines desired in a small refined garden. 



Dicentra spectabilis 

Bleeding Heart 
Heuchera sanguinea 

Coral Bells 
Aquilegia formosa hybrids 

Columbine 
Aquilegia Canadensis 

American Columbine 
Papaver orientale 

Oriental Poppy 
Geranium sanguineum 

Crane's Bill 
Lobelia cardinalis 

Cardinal Flower 



Physostegia Virginica 

False Dragonhead 
Bocconia cordata 

Plume Poppy 
Helenium autumnale superbum 

Yellow Star 



Rudbeckia laciniata 

Golden Glow 
Rudbeckia maxima 

Large Coneflower 

Spiraea gigantea 

Siberian Goat's Beard 



46 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 



21. PERENNIALS VALUABLE FOR DIFFERENT 
PURPOSES (Continued) 



Hibiscus moscheutos 

Marsh Mallow 
Althaea rosea 

Hollyhock 
Helianthus (in variety) 

Sunflower 
Solidago (in variety) 

Goldenrod 
Liatris pycnostachya 

Blazing Star 
Asters (in variety) 



Stenanthium robustum 

Mountain Fetterfleece 
Arundo donax 

Giant Reed 
Eulalias (in variety) 

Plume Grasses 
Boltonia asteroides 

False Chamomile 
Astilbe grandis 

Large-flowered Astilbe 
Aconitum Wilsoni 

Wilson's Monkshood 



22. ANNUALS AND PERENNIALS ESPECIALLY 
VALUABLE FOR CUT-FLOWERS 

(Under No. 21-B, is given a list of perennials valuable 
for cut-fiowers. This list contains in addition, a number 
of perennials and annuals which should be considered in 
designing the cut-flower garden). 



ANNUALS 



Zinnias 

Asters — late branching 

Calliopsis — Crown of Gold 

Chickseed 
Sweet Peas 
Arctolis grandis 

African Daisy 
Calendula 

Pot Marigold 

Poppies — single and double 
Scabiosa 

Mourning Bride 
Verbena 
Pansy 
Schizanthus 



Cosmos 
Eschscholtzia 

California Poppy 
Gaillardia 

Blanket Flower 
Helianthus 

Single Sunflowers 
Heliotrope 

Marigold — African varieties 
Papaver nudicaule 
Iceland Poppy 
Ageratum 
Salpiglossis 



47 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 



PERENNIALS 

Antirrhinum Centaurea — double blue 

Snapdragon Cornflower 

Chrysanthemum leucanthemum Mignonette 

Shasta Daisy Digitalis 

Delphinium — Larspur Foxglove 

Gypsophila 

Baby's Breath 

23. LIST OF BULBS 

These lists contain only the standard types of bulbs, 
from which to select in developing the ordinary bulb 
plantings. As a check on heights of bulbs and character 
of flowers, refer to "The Blue Book of Bulbs," published 
by C. J. Hunt, Montclaire, N. J. 

A. (For use in refined lawn and garden areas): 



Crocus speciosus 


Scilla Sibirica 


Fall Flowering 


Siberian Squill 


Crocus sativus 


Muscari botryoides 


Fall Flowering 


Grape Hyacinth 


Crocus 


Narcissus — Single Yellow 


Spring Blooming 


Narcissus — Bicolor Trumpet 


Galanthus nivalis 


Narcissus — Poeticus types 


Snowdrop 


Hyacinth (in variety) 


Chionodoxa luciliae 


Puschkinia Libanotica 


Glory -oJ-the-Snow 


Striped Squill 


B. (For naturalizing 


in woodland and wild g; 


areas) : 





Narcissus Poeticus Leucojum carpaticum 
Narcissus Leedsii amabilis Snowflake 

Narcissus Trumpet Major Helleborus niger 
A /u lu f _~ \ Christmas Rose 

Anemone (bulbous forms) ^ .,. 

,, „ TIT u Lilium auratum 
Yellow Lily Leek ^^^^ ^^^^^^ ^-^^ 

■[48] 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 



23. LIST OF BULBS (Continued) 

B. (For naturalizing in woodland and wild garden 
areas) — Continued. 



Eranthis hymenalis 
Winter Aconite 

Erythronium Canadensis 
Adder Tongue 

Frittilaria meleagris 
Frittillaria 

Camassia esculenta 
Wild Hyacinth 

Convallaria majalis 
Lily-of-the- Valley 

Scilla campanulata 
Squill 

Ornithogalum umbellatum 
Star of Bethlehem 



Lilium Canadense 
Wood Lily 

Lilium candidum 
Madonna Lily 

Lilium Harrisonii 
Spotted Lily 

Lilium speciosum 
Japanese Lily 

Lilium tigrinum 
Tiger Lily 

Trillium erectum 
Wake Robin 

Trillium grandiflorum 
Large Wake Robin 



24. EVERGREENS MOST GENERALLY USED IN 
OHIO CLIMATE 

This list of evergreens which will withstand the cli- 
matic conditions and the soil conditions in the middle west, 
especially thruout Ohio, is limited. This list contains 
standard types which, with normal care, and average 
exposure, in suburban and country districts will flourish. 



Pinus strobus 
White Pine 

Pinus resinosa 
Red Pine 

Pinus Austriaca 
Austrian Pine 

Pinus sylvestris 
Scotch Pine 

Pinus cembra 

Swiss Stone Pine 



Abies concolor 
White Fir 

Thuya occidentalis (in variety) 
American Arborvitae 

Thuya Sibirica 

Siberian Arborvitae 

Retinospora pisifera 
Pea-fruited Cypress 

Retinospora plumosa 
Plume- like Cypress 



49 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 



Pinus mughus 
Dwarf Pine 

Sciadopitys verticillata 
Umbrella Pine 

Picea excelsa 

Norway Spruce 

Picea alba 

White Spruce 

Picea pungens glauca 
Roster's Blue Spruce 

Picea Engelmanni 

Engelmann s Spruce 



Retinospora squarrosa 

Veitch's Silver Cypress 

Retinospora obtusa 
Japanese Cypress 

Juniperus (in variety) 
Juniper 

Taxus baccata repandens 
English Yew 

Taxus cuspidata brevifolia 
Japanese Yew 

Tsuga Canadensis 

Canadian Hemlock 



25. EVERGREENS WHICH SHOULD NOT BE USED 
IN OHIO CLIMATE 

There are a few evergreens which should under no 
conditions, be used in the amateur's garden. Either because 
of climatic conditions, or soil conditions, they will either 
die or become "shabby" within the first few years. 



Abies Nordmanniana 
Nordman's Fir 

Abies balsamea 
Balsam Fir 



Chamaecyparis Lawsoniana 
Lawsons Cypress 

Pieca excelsa 

Norway Spruce 



Abies Fraseri Cephalotaxus (in variety) 
Eraser's Balsam Fir 



Many refined types of Thuya and Retinospora 



50 



GENERAL LANDSCAPE PLANTING 



26. PLANTS FOR WINDOW BOXES 



A. South or West Exposure 



Cardinal Geranium — S. A. Nutt 

Scarlet Geranium — Bruant 

Salmon double Geranium — Beaute 
Poitevine 

Salmon single Geranium — Mrs. E. 
G. Hill 

White Snapdragon 

White Phlox — Drummondi 

Heliotrope 



Swainsona galegifolia alba 

Dwarf Blue Ageratum 

Nepeta Glechoma 
Ground Ivy 

White Petunias 

Dark and Light Crotons 

Mauryandra Vine 

Ivy-leaf Geranium — variegated 



Tuberous Begonia 

Nasturtium 

Heliotrope 

Petunia 

White Snapdragon 



B. East Exposure 

Solanum Jasminoides 

Jerusalem Cherry Vine 

Ivy-leaf Geranium 

Sonv de Chas. Turner 

Kenilworth Ivy 

Ferns — many sorts 

Vinca variegated 



C. North Exposure 



Trailing Fuchsia 
Nepeta Glechoma 
Boston Ferns and others 
Caladiums 
Vinca variegated 



Dwarf Ageratum 
Ivy-leaf Geranium 
Asparagus Sprengeri 
Morning Glory 



51 



Bryan Printing Co., Cleveland 



